Rising frequency of gestation trophoblastic disease in patients without known traditional risk factors

Abstract

Objective: To explore emerging nutritional, environmental, and sociodemographic determinants of GTD in a local popu-lation.
Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peoples University of Medical and Health sciences for Women, Shaheed Benazirabad. During 6 months 50 women aged 18–40 years, with histopathologically confirmed GTD and gestational age less than 12 weeks, were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling. Structured proformas covering traditional risk factors and extended variables, including socioeconomic status, education, contraceptive history, subfertility, environmental exposures, dietary habits, and access to prenatal care was used to collect data.
Results: Showed only 16% of participants had a prior GTD history, and the majority belonged to lower socioeconomic (48%) and low-education (52% with primary education) groups. Notable non-traditional contributors included nutritional deficiencies—42% had low protein intake, 24% had inadequate beta-carotene and vitamin A intake, and 30% had zinc and selenium deficiencies
Conclusion: In conclusion, a serious public health concern is the rising incidence of GTD in women who do not have traditional risk factors.
Key words: Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic, Trophoblastic Neoplasms, Gestational Trophoblastic Disease, Hyda-tidiform Mole, Hydatidiform Mole Invasive.