Pattern of malignant hematological disorders using bone marrow aspirate and biopsy at tertiary care hospital, Karachi.

Abstract

Introduction: Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy is an invasive method for identification, staging, and pursuing tumors. Current study designed to determine the frequency of malignant hematological disorders using bone marrow aspirate and biopsy at Dr. Ishrat ul Ebad Khan Institute of Blood Diseases (DIEKIBD).
Objectives: To determine the frequencies of various hematological disorders using
bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy examination
Methodology: In this retrospective study, 333 patients presenting at DIEKIBD during January 2019 to December 2020 were included. All these patients underwent
bone marrow examination and the reports were retrieved from the department
records.
Result: It was observed that about 80 (24%) of the bone marrow examinations
were done for staging in which 8 (2.4%) were not illustrated any primary diseases
involvement while 72 cases (21%) contained primary diseases. Among nonmalignant conditions, iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia and mixed deficiency anemia were the most frequent, while acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute
myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia were the most prevalent malignant
hematological disorders.
Conclusion: Pathological analysis of Bone Marrow via Aspirate and Trephine biopsy is a widespread approach in diagnosing, staging and prognosis of neoplastic as
well as non-neoplastic hematological disorders. Bone Marrow biopsy examination
analysis has a significant value in the diagnosis and staging of malignant conditions
than non-malignant disorder as in our study prevalence of malignant conditions
were more than non-malignant diseases.

Key words: Bone Marrow Biopsy, Blood Disorder, Malignant Hematological Diseases.